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St. Florian's Cathedral, more formally known as the Cathedral of St. Michael the Archangel and St. Florian the Martyr ((ポーランド語:Katedra Świętego Michała Archanioła i Świętego Floriana)), is a Catholic church and historic landmark at ul. Floriańska 3 ((英語:3 St. Florian's Street)) in eastern Warsaw. The 75-meter towers of St. Florian’s Cathedral dominate eastern Warsaw's Praga district and highlight the cathedral’s role as a form of protest against the erstwhile Russian domination of Poland.〔 ==History== There has been a Catholic church presence in or around the site of the future church since 1583, but the impetus for creating a lasting and substantial church did not arrive until the late 19th century.〔 The map of Europe was redrawn during the Congress of Vienna and the resulting territorial maneuvers placed the Duchy of Warsaw under the control of the Russian Empire, transforming it into the Congress Poland.〔Nicolson, Sir Harold (2001). (''The Congress of Vienna: A Study in Allied Unity: 1812–1822'' ) Grove Press; Rep. Ed. pp. 140-164. ISBN 0-8021-3744-X〕 Among other intrusions, over twenty Russian Orthodox churches were built in Poland.〔Wortman, Richard S. (2000). ''Scenarios of Power: Myth and Ceremony in Russian Monarchy. Volume Two: From Alexander II to the Abdication of Nicholas II.'' Princeton University Press. pp. 254–255. ISBN 978-0-691-02947-4.〕 To protest against the perceived imposition of a foreign church, and in direct reaction to the monumental Orthodox Church of Mary Magdalene built down the street, St Florian’s was built with two commanding 75-meter (250-foot) towers between 1897-1904.〔 (Cathedral of St. Michael the Archangel and St. Florian the Martyr website ) Retrieved March 29, 2011〕〔(Official Tourist Website of Warsaw ), Warsaw Tourist Office. Retrieved March 30, 2011.〕 The church is named after St. Florian, the patron saint of professions associated with fire, such as firefighters, steelworkers, chimney sweeps, potters and bakers.〔 ==World War II destruction== During and after the Siege of Warsaw, churches were used as a hiding place for Jews, the Warsaw Army (''Armia Warszawa'') and as a general refuge for civilians. St. Florian's was destroyed by the Germans as they withdrew from Poland in 1944 after the Warsaw Uprising.〔(Warsaw Uprising 1944 ), WarsawUprising.com, developed and maintained by Project InPosterum. Retrieved March 30, 2011.〕 The church remained in ruins for several years, but by the 1950s a reconstruction effort slowly began with support from Praga residents. The rebuilt church was reopened in 1972.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「St. Florian's Cathedral」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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